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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kuku |
| Genitive: | kukun |
| Dative: | kukulan |
| Accusative: | kukum |
| Comparative: | kukula |
| Comitative: | kukuge |
| Inessive: | kukušto |
| Illative: | kukuš(ko) |
| Lative: | kukueš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kukuem |
| 2SG: | kukuet |
| 3SG: | kukuž(o) |
| 1PL: | kukuna |
| 2PL: | kukuda |
| 3PL: | kukušt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kuku-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kuku-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kukula |
| Sociative Plural: | kukumə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kukuem | kuku-βlak | kuku-βlakem, kukuem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kukuemə̑n | kuku-βlakə̑n | kuku-βlakemə̑n, kukuem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kukuemlan, kukulanem | kuku-βlaklan | kuku-βlakemlan, kukuem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kukuemə̑m | kuku-βlakə̑m | kuku-βlakemə̑m, kukuem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kukuemla, kukulam | kuku-βlakla | kuku-βlakemla, kukuem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kukuemge | kuku-βlakge | kuku-βlakemge, kukuem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kukuštem | kuku-βlakə̑šte | kuku-βlakə̑štem, kukuem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kukuškem | kuku-βlakə̑š(ke) | kuku-βlakə̑škem, kukuem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kukuešem | kuku-βlakeš | kuku-βlakešem, kukuem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||