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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kuʎ |
| Genitive: | kuʎən |
| Dative: | kuʎlan |
| Accusative: | kuʎəm |
| Comparative: | kuʎla |
| Comitative: | kuʎge |
| Inessive: | kuʎəʃto |
| Illative: | kuʎəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | kuʎeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kuʎem |
| 2SG: | kuʎet |
| 3SG: | kuʎʒo |
| 1PL: | kuʎna |
| 2PL: | kuʎda |
| 3PL: | kuʎəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kuʎ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kuʎ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kuʎla |
| Sociative Plural: | kuʎmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kuʎem | kuʎ-βlak | kuʎ-βlakem, kuʎem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kuʎemən | kuʎ-βlakən | kuʎ-βlakemən, kuʎem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kuʎemlan, kuʎlanem | kuʎ-βlaklan | kuʎ-βlakemlan, kuʎem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kuʎeməm | kuʎ-βlakəm | kuʎ-βlakeməm, kuʎem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kuʎemla, kuʎlam | kuʎ-βlakla | kuʎ-βlakemla, kuʎem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kuʎemge | kuʎ-βlakge | kuʎ-βlakemge, kuʎem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kuʎəʃtem | kuʎ-βlakəʃte | kuʎ-βlakəʃtem, kuʎem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kuʎəʃkem | kuʎ-βlakəʃ(ke) | kuʎ-βlakəʃkem, kuʎem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kuʎeʃem | kuʎ-βlakeʃ | kuʎ-βlakeʃem, kuʎem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||