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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kumaβa |
| Genitive: | kumaβan |
| Dative: | kumaβalan |
| Accusative: | kumaβam |
| Comparative: | kumaβala |
| Comitative: | kumaβage |
| Inessive: | kumaβaʃte |
| Illative: | kumaβaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kumaβaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kumaβam |
| 2SG: | kumaβat |
| 3SG: | kumaβaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kumaβana |
| 2PL: | kumaβada |
| 3PL: | kumaβaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kumaβa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kumaβa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kumaβala |
| Sociative Plural: | kumaβamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kumaβam | kumaβa-βlak | kumaβa-βlakem, kumaβam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kumaβamən | kumaβa-βlakən | kumaβa-βlakemən, kumaβam-βlakən |
| Dative: | kumaβamlan, kumaβalanem | kumaβa-βlaklan | kumaβa-βlakemlan, kumaβam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kumaβaməm | kumaβa-βlakəm | kumaβa-βlakeməm, kumaβam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kumaβamla, kumaβalam | kumaβa-βlakla | kumaβa-βlakemla, kumaβam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kumaβamge | kumaβa-βlakge | kumaβa-βlakemge, kumaβam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kumaβaʃtem | kumaβa-βlakəʃte | kumaβa-βlakəʃtem, kumaβam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kumaβaʃkem | kumaβa-βlakəʃ(ke) | kumaβa-βlakəʃkem, kumaβam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kumaβaʃem | kumaβa-βlakeʃ | kumaβa-βlakeʃem, kumaβam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||