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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kumaga |
| Genitive: | kumagan |
| Dative: | kumagalan |
| Accusative: | kumagam |
| Comparative: | kumagala |
| Comitative: | kumagage |
| Inessive: | kumagašte |
| Illative: | kumagaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kumagaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kumagam |
| 2SG: | kumagat |
| 3SG: | kumagaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kumagana |
| 2PL: | kumagada |
| 3PL: | kumagašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kumaga-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kumaga-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kumagala |
| Sociative Plural: | kumagamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kumagam | kumaga-βlak | kumaga-βlakem, kumagam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kumagamə̑n | kumaga-βlakə̑n | kumaga-βlakemə̑n, kumagam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kumagamlan, kumagalanem | kumaga-βlaklan | kumaga-βlakemlan, kumagam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kumagamə̑m | kumaga-βlakə̑m | kumaga-βlakemə̑m, kumagam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kumagamla, kumagalam | kumaga-βlakla | kumaga-βlakemla, kumagam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kumagamge | kumaga-βlakge | kumaga-βlakemge, kumagam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kumagaštem | kumaga-βlakə̑šte | kumaga-βlakə̑štem, kumagam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kumagaškem | kumaga-βlakə̑š(ke) | kumaga-βlakə̑škem, kumagam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kumagašem | kumaga-βlakeš | kumaga-βlakešem, kumagam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||