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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kumalʃage |
| Genitive: | kumalʃagən |
| Dative: | kumalʃagəlan |
| Accusative: | kumalʃagəm |
| Comparative: | kumalʃagəla |
| Comitative: | kumalʃagəge |
| Inessive: | kumalʃagəʃte |
| Illative: | kumalʃagəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kumalʃageʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kumalʃagem |
| 2SG: | kumalʃaget |
| 3SG: | kumalʃagəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kumalʃagəna |
| 2PL: | kumalʃagəda |
| 3PL: | kumalʃagəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kumalʃage-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kumalʃage-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kumalʃagəla |
| Sociative Plural: | kumalʃagəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kumalʃagem | kumalʃage-βlak | kumalʃage-βlakem, kumalʃagem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kumalʃagemən | kumalʃage-βlakən | kumalʃage-βlakemən, kumalʃagem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kumalʃagemlan, kumalʃagəlanem | kumalʃage-βlaklan | kumalʃage-βlakemlan, kumalʃagem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kumalʃageməm | kumalʃage-βlakəm | kumalʃage-βlakeməm, kumalʃagem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kumalʃagemla, kumalʃagəlam | kumalʃage-βlakla | kumalʃage-βlakemla, kumalʃagem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kumalʃagemge | kumalʃage-βlakge | kumalʃage-βlakemge, kumalʃagem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kumalʃagəʃtem | kumalʃage-βlakəʃte | kumalʃage-βlakəʃtem, kumalʃagem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kumalʃagəʃkem | kumalʃage-βlakəʃ(ke) | kumalʃage-βlakəʃkem, kumalʃagem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kumalʃageʃem | kumalʃage-βlakeʃ | kumalʃage-βlakeʃem, kumalʃagem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||