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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kumda |
| Genitive: | kumdan |
| Dative: | kumdalan |
| Accusative: | kumdam |
| Comparative: | kumdala |
| Comitative: | kumdage |
| Inessive: | kumdašte |
| Illative: | kumdaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kumdaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kumdam |
| 2SG: | kumdat |
| 3SG: | kumdaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kumdana |
| 2PL: | kumdada |
| 3PL: | kumdašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kumda-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kumda-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kumdala |
| Sociative Plural: | kumdamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kumdam | kumda-βlak | kumda-βlakem, kumdam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kumdamə̑n | kumda-βlakə̑n | kumda-βlakemə̑n, kumdam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kumdamlan, kumdalanem | kumda-βlaklan | kumda-βlakemlan, kumdam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kumdamə̑m | kumda-βlakə̑m | kumda-βlakemə̑m, kumdam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kumdamla, kumdalam | kumda-βlakla | kumda-βlakemla, kumdam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kumdamge | kumda-βlakge | kumda-βlakemge, kumdam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kumdaštem | kumda-βlakə̑šte | kumda-βlakə̑štem, kumdam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kumdaškem | kumda-βlakə̑š(ke) | kumda-βlakə̑škem, kumdam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kumdašem | kumda-βlakeš | kumda-βlakešem, kumdam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||