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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kumlukaš |
| Genitive: | kumlukašə̑n |
| Dative: | kumlukašlan |
| Accusative: | kumlukašə̑m |
| Comparative: | kumlukašla |
| Comitative: | kumlukašge |
| Inessive: | kumlukašte, kumlukašə̑šte |
| Illative: | kumlukaške, kumlukašə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kumlukašeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kumlukašem |
| 2SG: | kumlukašet |
| 3SG: | kumlukašše, kumlukašə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | kumlukašna |
| 2PL: | kumlukašda |
| 3PL: | kumlukašə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kumlukaš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kumlukaš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kumlukašla |
| Sociative Plural: | kumlukašmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kumlukašem | kumlukaš-βlak | kumlukaš-βlakem, kumlukašem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kumlukašemə̑n | kumlukaš-βlakə̑n | kumlukaš-βlakemə̑n, kumlukašem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kumlukašemlan, kumlukašlanem | kumlukaš-βlaklan | kumlukaš-βlakemlan, kumlukašem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kumlukašemə̑m | kumlukaš-βlakə̑m | kumlukaš-βlakemə̑m, kumlukašem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kumlukašemla, kumlukašlam | kumlukaš-βlakla | kumlukaš-βlakemla, kumlukašem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kumlukašemge | kumlukaš-βlakge | kumlukaš-βlakemge, kumlukašem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kumlukaštem, kumlukašə̑štem | kumlukaš-βlakə̑šte | kumlukaš-βlakə̑štem, kumlukašem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kumlukaškem, kumlukašə̑škem | kumlukaš-βlakə̑š(ke) | kumlukaš-βlakə̑škem, kumlukašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kumlukašešem | kumlukaš-βlakeš | kumlukaš-βlakešem, kumlukašem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||