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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kumšan |
| Genitive: | kumšanə̑n |
| Dative: | kumšanlan |
| Accusative: | kumšanə̑m |
| Comparative: | kumšanla |
| Comitative: | kumšange |
| Inessive: | kumšanə̑šte |
| Illative: | kumšanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kumšaneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kumšanem |
| 2SG: | kumšanet |
| 3SG: | kumšanže |
| 1PL: | kumšanna |
| 2PL: | kumšanda |
| 3PL: | kumšanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kumšan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kumšan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kumšanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kumšanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kumšanem | kumšan-βlak | kumšan-βlakem, kumšanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kumšanemə̑n | kumšan-βlakə̑n | kumšan-βlakemə̑n, kumšanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kumšanemlan, kumšanlanem | kumšan-βlaklan | kumšan-βlakemlan, kumšanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kumšanemə̑m | kumšan-βlakə̑m | kumšan-βlakemə̑m, kumšanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kumšanemla, kumšanlam | kumšan-βlakla | kumšan-βlakemla, kumšanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kumšanemge | kumšan-βlakge | kumšan-βlakemge, kumšanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kumšanə̑štem | kumšan-βlakə̑šte | kumšan-βlakə̑štem, kumšanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kumšanə̑škem | kumšan-βlakə̑š(ke) | kumšan-βlakə̑škem, kumšanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kumšanešem | kumšan-βlakeš | kumšan-βlakešem, kumšanem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||