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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kumʃan |
| Genitive: | kumʃanən |
| Dative: | kumʃanlan |
| Accusative: | kumʃanəm |
| Comparative: | kumʃanla |
| Comitative: | kumʃange |
| Inessive: | kumʃanəʃte |
| Illative: | kumʃanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kumʃaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kumʃanem |
| 2SG: | kumʃanet |
| 3SG: | kumʃanʒe |
| 1PL: | kumʃanːa |
| 2PL: | kumʃanda |
| 3PL: | kumʃanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kumʃan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kumʃan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kumʃanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kumʃanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kumʃanem | kumʃan-βlak | kumʃan-βlakem, kumʃanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kumʃanemən | kumʃan-βlakən | kumʃan-βlakemən, kumʃanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kumʃanemlan, kumʃanlanem | kumʃan-βlaklan | kumʃan-βlakemlan, kumʃanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kumʃaneməm | kumʃan-βlakəm | kumʃan-βlakeməm, kumʃanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kumʃanemla, kumʃanlam | kumʃan-βlakla | kumʃan-βlakemla, kumʃanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kumʃanemge | kumʃan-βlakge | kumʃan-βlakemge, kumʃanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kumʃanəʃtem | kumʃan-βlakəʃte | kumʃan-βlakəʃtem, kumʃanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kumʃanəʃkem | kumʃan-βlakəʃ(ke) | kumʃan-βlakəʃkem, kumʃanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kumʃaneʃem | kumʃan-βlakeʃ | kumʃan-βlakeʃem, kumʃanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||