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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kup |
| Genitive: | kupən |
| Dative: | kuplan |
| Accusative: | kupəm |
| Comparative: | kupla |
| Comitative: | kupge |
| Inessive: | kupəʃto |
| Illative: | kupəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | kupeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kupem |
| 2SG: | kupet |
| 3SG: | kupʃo |
| 1PL: | kupna |
| 2PL: | kupda |
| 3PL: | kupəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kup-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kup-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kupla |
| Sociative Plural: | kupmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kupem | kup-βlak | kup-βlakem, kupem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kupemən | kup-βlakən | kup-βlakemən, kupem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kupemlan, kuplanem | kup-βlaklan | kup-βlakemlan, kupem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kupeməm | kup-βlakəm | kup-βlakeməm, kupem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kupemla, kuplam | kup-βlakla | kup-βlakemla, kupem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kupemge | kup-βlakge | kup-βlakemge, kupem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kupəʃtem | kup-βlakəʃte | kup-βlakəʃtem, kupem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kupəʃkem | kup-βlakəʃ(ke) | kup-βlakəʃkem, kupem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kupeʃem | kup-βlakeʃ | kup-βlakeʃem, kupem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||