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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kupašan |
| Genitive: | kupašanə̑n |
| Dative: | kupašanlan |
| Accusative: | kupašanə̑m |
| Comparative: | kupašanla |
| Comitative: | kupašange |
| Inessive: | kupašanə̑šte |
| Illative: | kupašanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kupašaneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kupašanem |
| 2SG: | kupašanet |
| 3SG: | kupašanže |
| 1PL: | kupašanna |
| 2PL: | kupašanda |
| 3PL: | kupašanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kupašan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kupašan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kupašanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kupašanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kupašanem | kupašan-βlak | kupašan-βlakem, kupašanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kupašanemə̑n | kupašan-βlakə̑n | kupašan-βlakemə̑n, kupašanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kupašanemlan, kupašanlanem | kupašan-βlaklan | kupašan-βlakemlan, kupašanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kupašanemə̑m | kupašan-βlakə̑m | kupašan-βlakemə̑m, kupašanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kupašanemla, kupašanlam | kupašan-βlakla | kupašan-βlakemla, kupašanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kupašanemge | kupašan-βlakge | kupašan-βlakemge, kupašanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kupašanə̑štem | kupašan-βlakə̑šte | kupašan-βlakə̑štem, kupašanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kupašanə̑škem | kupašan-βlakə̑š(ke) | kupašan-βlakə̑škem, kupašanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kupašanešem | kupašan-βlakeš | kupašan-βlakešem, kupašanem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||