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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kupaʃan |
| Genitive: | kupaʃanən |
| Dative: | kupaʃanlan |
| Accusative: | kupaʃanəm |
| Comparative: | kupaʃanla |
| Comitative: | kupaʃange |
| Inessive: | kupaʃanəʃte |
| Illative: | kupaʃanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kupaʃaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kupaʃanem |
| 2SG: | kupaʃanet |
| 3SG: | kupaʃanʒe |
| 1PL: | kupaʃanːa |
| 2PL: | kupaʃanda |
| 3PL: | kupaʃanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kupaʃan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kupaʃan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kupaʃanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kupaʃanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kupaʃanem | kupaʃan-βlak | kupaʃan-βlakem, kupaʃanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kupaʃanemən | kupaʃan-βlakən | kupaʃan-βlakemən, kupaʃanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kupaʃanemlan, kupaʃanlanem | kupaʃan-βlaklan | kupaʃan-βlakemlan, kupaʃanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kupaʃaneməm | kupaʃan-βlakəm | kupaʃan-βlakeməm, kupaʃanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kupaʃanemla, kupaʃanlam | kupaʃan-βlakla | kupaʃan-βlakemla, kupaʃanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kupaʃanemge | kupaʃan-βlakge | kupaʃan-βlakemge, kupaʃanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kupaʃanəʃtem | kupaʃan-βlakəʃte | kupaʃan-βlakəʃtem, kupaʃanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kupaʃanəʃkem | kupaʃan-βlakəʃ(ke) | kupaʃan-βlakəʃkem, kupaʃanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kupaʃaneʃem | kupaʃan-βlakeʃ | kupaʃan-βlakeʃem, kupaʃanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||