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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kupal'nik |
| Genitive: | kupal'nikə̑n |
| Dative: | kupal'niklan |
| Accusative: | kupal'nikə̑m |
| Comparative: | kupal'nikla |
| Comitative: | kupal'nikge |
| Inessive: | kupal'nikə̑šte |
| Illative: | kupal'nikə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kupal'nikeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kupal'nikem |
| 2SG: | kupal'niket |
| 3SG: | kupal'nikše |
| 1PL: | kupal'nikna |
| 2PL: | kupal'nikda |
| 3PL: | kupal'nikə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kupal'nik-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kupal'nik-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kupal'nikla |
| Sociative Plural: | kupal'nikmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kupal'nikem | kupal'nik-βlak | kupal'nik-βlakem, kupal'nikem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kupal'nikemə̑n | kupal'nik-βlakə̑n | kupal'nik-βlakemə̑n, kupal'nikem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kupal'nikemlan, kupal'niklanem | kupal'nik-βlaklan | kupal'nik-βlakemlan, kupal'nikem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kupal'nikemə̑m | kupal'nik-βlakə̑m | kupal'nik-βlakemə̑m, kupal'nikem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kupal'nikemla, kupal'niklam | kupal'nik-βlakla | kupal'nik-βlakemla, kupal'nikem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kupal'nikemge | kupal'nik-βlakge | kupal'nik-βlakemge, kupal'nikem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kupal'nikə̑štem | kupal'nik-βlakə̑šte | kupal'nik-βlakə̑štem, kupal'nikem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kupal'nikə̑škem | kupal'nik-βlakə̑š(ke) | kupal'nik-βlakə̑škem, kupal'nikem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kupal'nikešem | kupal'nik-βlakeš | kupal'nik-βlakešem, kupal'nikem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||