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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kupaŋʃe |
Genitive: | kupaŋʃən |
Dative: | kupaŋʃəlan |
Accusative: | kupaŋʃəm |
Comparative: | kupaŋʃəla |
Comitative: | kupaŋʃəge |
Inessive: | kupaŋʃəʃte |
Illative: | kupaŋʃəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kupaŋʃeʃ |
1SG: | kupaŋʃem |
2SG: | kupaŋʃet |
3SG: | kupaŋʃəʒ(e) |
1PL: | kupaŋʃəna |
2PL: | kupaŋʃəda |
3PL: | kupaŋʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | kupaŋʃe-βlak |
Plural (2): | kupaŋʃe-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | kupaŋʃəla |
Sociative Plural: | kupaŋʃəmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kupaŋʃem | kupaŋʃe-βlak | kupaŋʃe-βlakem, kupaŋʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | kupaŋʃemən | kupaŋʃe-βlakən | kupaŋʃe-βlakemən, kupaŋʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | kupaŋʃemlan, kupaŋʃəlanem | kupaŋʃe-βlaklan | kupaŋʃe-βlakemlan, kupaŋʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kupaŋʃeməm | kupaŋʃe-βlakəm | kupaŋʃe-βlakeməm, kupaŋʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | kupaŋʃemla, kupaŋʃəlam | kupaŋʃe-βlakla | kupaŋʃe-βlakemla, kupaŋʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | kupaŋʃemge | kupaŋʃe-βlakge | kupaŋʃe-βlakemge, kupaŋʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | kupaŋʃəʃtem | kupaŋʃe-βlakəʃte | kupaŋʃe-βlakəʃtem, kupaŋʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | kupaŋʃəʃkem | kupaŋʃe-βlakəʃ(ke) | kupaŋʃe-βlakəʃkem, kupaŋʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kupaŋʃeʃem | kupaŋʃe-βlakeʃ | kupaŋʃe-βlakeʃem, kupaŋʃem-βlakeʃ |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 10 August 2023 |