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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kupe |
| Genitive: | kupen |
| Dative: | kupelan |
| Accusative: | kupem |
| Comparative: | kupela |
| Comitative: | kupege |
| Inessive: | kupešte |
| Illative: | kupeš(ke) |
| Lative: | kupeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kupem |
| 2SG: | kupet |
| 3SG: | kupež(e) |
| 1PL: | kupena |
| 2PL: | kupeda |
| 3PL: | kupešt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kupe-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kupe-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kupela |
| Sociative Plural: | kupemə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kupem | kupe-βlak | kupe-βlakem, kupem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kupemə̑n | kupe-βlakə̑n | kupe-βlakemə̑n, kupem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kupemlan, kupelanem | kupe-βlaklan | kupe-βlakemlan, kupem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kupemə̑m | kupe-βlakə̑m | kupe-βlakemə̑m, kupem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kupemla, kupelam | kupe-βlakla | kupe-βlakemla, kupem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kupemge | kupe-βlakge | kupe-βlakemge, kupem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kupeštem | kupe-βlakə̑šte | kupe-βlakə̑štem, kupem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kupeškem | kupe-βlakə̑š(ke) | kupe-βlakə̑škem, kupem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kupešem | kupe-βlakeš | kupe-βlakešem, kupem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||