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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kupkik |
| Genitive: | kupkikə̑n |
| Dative: | kupkiklan |
| Accusative: | kupkikə̑m |
| Comparative: | kupkikla |
| Comitative: | kupkikge |
| Inessive: | kupkikə̑šte |
| Illative: | kupkikə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kupkikeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kupkikem |
| 2SG: | kupkiket |
| 3SG: | kupkikše |
| 1PL: | kupkikna |
| 2PL: | kupkikda |
| 3PL: | kupkikə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kupkik-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kupkik-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kupkikla |
| Sociative Plural: | kupkikmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kupkikem | kupkik-βlak | kupkik-βlakem, kupkikem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kupkikemə̑n | kupkik-βlakə̑n | kupkik-βlakemə̑n, kupkikem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kupkikemlan, kupkiklanem | kupkik-βlaklan | kupkik-βlakemlan, kupkikem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kupkikemə̑m | kupkik-βlakə̑m | kupkik-βlakemə̑m, kupkikem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kupkikemla, kupkiklam | kupkik-βlakla | kupkik-βlakemla, kupkikem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kupkikemge | kupkik-βlakge | kupkik-βlakemge, kupkikem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kupkikə̑štem | kupkik-βlakə̑šte | kupkik-βlakə̑štem, kupkikem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kupkikə̑škem | kupkik-βlakə̑š(ke) | kupkik-βlakə̑škem, kupkikem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kupkikešem | kupkik-βlakeš | kupkik-βlakešem, kupkikem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||