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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kupkue |
| Genitive: | kupkuen |
| Dative: | kupkuelan |
| Accusative: | kupkuem |
| Comparative: | kupkuela |
| Comitative: | kupkuege |
| Inessive: | kupkuešte |
| Illative: | kupkueš(ke) |
| Lative: | kupkueš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kupkuem |
| 2SG: | kupkuet |
| 3SG: | kupkuež(e) |
| 1PL: | kupkuena |
| 2PL: | kupkueda |
| 3PL: | kupkuešt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kupkue-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kupkue-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kupkuela |
| Sociative Plural: | kupkuemə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kupkuem | kupkue-βlak | kupkue-βlakem, kupkuem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kupkuemə̑n | kupkue-βlakə̑n | kupkue-βlakemə̑n, kupkuem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kupkuemlan, kupkuelanem | kupkue-βlaklan | kupkue-βlakemlan, kupkuem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kupkuemə̑m | kupkue-βlakə̑m | kupkue-βlakemə̑m, kupkuem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kupkuemla, kupkuelam | kupkue-βlakla | kupkue-βlakemla, kupkuem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kupkuemge | kupkue-βlakge | kupkue-βlakemge, kupkuem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kupkueštem | kupkue-βlakə̑šte | kupkue-βlakə̑štem, kupkuem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kupkueškem | kupkue-βlakə̑š(ke) | kupkue-βlakə̑škem, kupkuem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kupkuešem | kupkue-βlakeš | kupkue-βlakešem, kupkuem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||