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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kuptyrβoŋgo |
| Genitive: | kuptyrβoŋgən |
| Dative: | kuptyrβoŋgəlan |
| Accusative: | kuptyrβoŋgəm |
| Comparative: | kuptyrβoŋgəla |
| Comitative: | kuptyrβoŋgəge |
| Inessive: | kuptyrβoŋgəʃto |
| Illative: | kuptyrβoŋgəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | kuptyrβoŋgeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kuptyrβoŋgem |
| 2SG: | kuptyrβoŋget |
| 3SG: | kuptyrβoŋgəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | kuptyrβoŋgəna |
| 2PL: | kuptyrβoŋgəda |
| 3PL: | kuptyrβoŋgəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kuptyrβoŋgo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kuptyrβoŋgəla |
| Sociative Plural: | kuptyrβoŋgəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kuptyrβoŋgem | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlak | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakem, kuptyrβoŋgem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kuptyrβoŋgemən | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakən | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakemən, kuptyrβoŋgem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kuptyrβoŋgemlan, kuptyrβoŋgəlanem | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlaklan | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakemlan, kuptyrβoŋgem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kuptyrβoŋgeməm | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakəm | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakeməm, kuptyrβoŋgem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kuptyrβoŋgemla, kuptyrβoŋgəlam | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakla | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakemla, kuptyrβoŋgem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kuptyrβoŋgemge | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakge | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakemge, kuptyrβoŋgem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kuptyrβoŋgəʃtem | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakəʃte | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakəʃtem, kuptyrβoŋgem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kuptyrβoŋgəʃkem | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakəʃ(ke) | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakəʃkem, kuptyrβoŋgem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kuptyrβoŋgeʃem | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakeʃ | kuptyrβoŋgo-βlakeʃem, kuptyrβoŋgem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||