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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | купшӱльӧ |
| Genitive: | купшӱльын |
| Dative: | купшӱльылан |
| Accusative: | купшӱльым |
| Comparative: | купшӱльыла |
| Comitative: | купшӱльыге |
| Inessive: | купшӱльыштӧ |
| Illative: | купшӱльыш(кӧ) |
| Lative: | купшӱл'еш |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | купшӱл'ем |
| 2SG: | купшӱл'ет |
| 3SG: | купшӱльыж(ӧ) |
| 1PL: | купшӱльына |
| 2PL: | купшӱльыда |
| 3PL: | купшӱльышт |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | купшӱльӧ-влак |
| Plural (2): | купшӱльӧ-шамыч |
| Short Plural: | купшӱльыла |
| Sociative Plural: | купшӱльымыт |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | купшӱл'ем | купшӱльӧ-влак | купшӱльӧ-влакем, купшӱл'ем-влак |
| Genitive: | купшӱл'емын | купшӱльӧ-влакын | купшӱльӧ-влакемын, купшӱл'ем-влакын |
| Dative: | купшӱл'емлан, купшӱльыланем | купшӱльӧ-влаклан | купшӱльӧ-влакемлан, купшӱл'ем-влаклан |
| Accusative: | купшӱл'емым | купшӱльӧ-влакым | купшӱльӧ-влакемым, купшӱл'ем-влакым |
| Comparative: | купшӱл'емла, купшӱльылам | купшӱльӧ-влакла | купшӱльӧ-влакемла, купшӱл'ем-влакла |
| Comitative: | купшӱл'емге | купшӱльӧ-влакге | купшӱльӧ-влакемге, купшӱл'ем-влакге |
| Inessive: | купшӱльыштем | купшӱльӧ-влакыште | купшӱльӧ-влакыштем, купшӱл'ем-влакыште |
| Illative: | купшӱльышкем | купшӱльӧ-влакыш(ке) | купшӱльӧ-влакышкем, купшӱл'ем-влакыш(ке) |
| Lative: | купшӱл'ешем | купшӱльӧ-влакеш | купшӱльӧ-влакешем, купшӱл'ем-влакеш |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||