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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kusnəmaʃ |
| Genitive: | kusnəmaʃən |
| Dative: | kusnəmaʃlan |
| Accusative: | kusnəmaʃəm |
| Comparative: | kusnəmaʃla |
| Comitative: | kusnəmaʃge |
| Inessive: | kusnəmaʃte, kusnəmaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | kusnəmaʃke, kusnəmaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kusnəmaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kusnəmaʃem |
| 2SG: | kusnəmaʃet |
| 3SG: | kusnəmaʃːe, kusnəmaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kusnəmaʃna |
| 2PL: | kusnəmaʃda |
| 3PL: | kusnəmaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kusnəmaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kusnəmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kusnəmaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | kusnəmaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kusnəmaʃem | kusnəmaʃ-βlak | kusnəmaʃ-βlakem, kusnəmaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kusnəmaʃemən | kusnəmaʃ-βlakən | kusnəmaʃ-βlakemən, kusnəmaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kusnəmaʃemlan, kusnəmaʃlanem | kusnəmaʃ-βlaklan | kusnəmaʃ-βlakemlan, kusnəmaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kusnəmaʃeməm | kusnəmaʃ-βlakəm | kusnəmaʃ-βlakeməm, kusnəmaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kusnəmaʃemla, kusnəmaʃlam | kusnəmaʃ-βlakla | kusnəmaʃ-βlakemla, kusnəmaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kusnəmaʃemge | kusnəmaʃ-βlakge | kusnəmaʃ-βlakemge, kusnəmaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kusnəmaʃtem, kusnəmaʃəʃtem | kusnəmaʃ-βlakəʃte | kusnəmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, kusnəmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kusnəmaʃkem, kusnəmaʃəʃkem | kusnəmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | kusnəmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, kusnəmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kusnəmaʃeʃem | kusnəmaʃ-βlakeʃ | kusnəmaʃ-βlakeʃem, kusnəmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||