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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kuʃkəlyj |
| Genitive: | kuʃkəlyjən |
| Dative: | kuʃkəlyjlan |
| Accusative: | kuʃkəlyjəm |
| Comparative: | kuʃkəlyjla |
| Comitative: | kuʃkəlyjge |
| Inessive: | kuʃkəlyjəʃtø |
| Illative: | kuʃkəlyjəʃ(kø) |
| Lative: | kuʃkəlyjeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kuʃkəlyjem |
| 2SG: | kuʃkəlyjet |
| 3SG: | kuʃkəlyjʒø |
| 1PL: | kuʃkəlyjna |
| 2PL: | kuʃkəlyjda |
| 3PL: | kuʃkəlyjəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kuʃkəlyj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kuʃkəlyj-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kuʃkəlyjla |
| Sociative Plural: | kuʃkəlyjmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kuʃkəlyjem | kuʃkəlyj-βlak | kuʃkəlyj-βlakem, kuʃkəlyjem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kuʃkəlyjemən | kuʃkəlyj-βlakən | kuʃkəlyj-βlakemən, kuʃkəlyjem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kuʃkəlyjemlan, kuʃkəlyjlanem | kuʃkəlyj-βlaklan | kuʃkəlyj-βlakemlan, kuʃkəlyjem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kuʃkəlyjeməm | kuʃkəlyj-βlakəm | kuʃkəlyj-βlakeməm, kuʃkəlyjem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kuʃkəlyjemla, kuʃkəlyjlam | kuʃkəlyj-βlakla | kuʃkəlyj-βlakemla, kuʃkəlyjem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kuʃkəlyjemge | kuʃkəlyj-βlakge | kuʃkəlyj-βlakemge, kuʃkəlyjem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kuʃkəlyjəʃtem | kuʃkəlyj-βlakəʃte | kuʃkəlyj-βlakəʃtem, kuʃkəlyjem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kuʃkəlyjəʃkem | kuʃkəlyj-βlakəʃ(ke) | kuʃkəlyj-βlakəʃkem, kuʃkəlyjem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kuʃkəlyjeʃem | kuʃkəlyj-βlakeʃ | kuʃkəlyj-βlakeʃem, kuʃkəlyjem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||