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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kuštə̑ran |
| Genitive: | kuštə̑ranə̑n |
| Dative: | kuštə̑ranlan |
| Accusative: | kuštə̑ranə̑m |
| Comparative: | kuštə̑ranla |
| Comitative: | kuštə̑range |
| Inessive: | kuštə̑ranə̑šte |
| Illative: | kuštə̑ranə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kuštə̑raneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kuštə̑ranem |
| 2SG: | kuštə̑ranet |
| 3SG: | kuštə̑ranže |
| 1PL: | kuštə̑ranna |
| 2PL: | kuštə̑randa |
| 3PL: | kuštə̑ranə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kuštə̑ran-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kuštə̑ran-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kuštə̑ranla |
| Sociative Plural: | kuštə̑ranmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kuštə̑ranem | kuštə̑ran-βlak | kuštə̑ran-βlakem, kuštə̑ranem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kuštə̑ranemə̑n | kuštə̑ran-βlakə̑n | kuštə̑ran-βlakemə̑n, kuštə̑ranem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kuštə̑ranemlan, kuštə̑ranlanem | kuštə̑ran-βlaklan | kuštə̑ran-βlakemlan, kuštə̑ranem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kuštə̑ranemə̑m | kuštə̑ran-βlakə̑m | kuštə̑ran-βlakemə̑m, kuštə̑ranem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kuštə̑ranemla, kuštə̑ranlam | kuštə̑ran-βlakla | kuštə̑ran-βlakemla, kuštə̑ranem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kuštə̑ranemge | kuštə̑ran-βlakge | kuštə̑ran-βlakemge, kuštə̑ranem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kuštə̑ranə̑štem | kuštə̑ran-βlakə̑šte | kuštə̑ran-βlakə̑štem, kuštə̑ranem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kuštə̑ranə̑škem | kuštə̑ran-βlakə̑š(ke) | kuštə̑ran-βlakə̑škem, kuštə̑ranem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kuštə̑ranešem | kuštə̑ran-βlakeš | kuštə̑ran-βlakešem, kuštə̑ranem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||