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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kugo |
| Genitive: | kugən |
| Dative: | kugəlan |
| Accusative: | kugəm |
| Comparative: | kugəla |
| Comitative: | kugəge |
| Inessive: | kugəʃto |
| Illative: | kugəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | kugeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kugem |
| 2SG: | kuget |
| 3SG: | kugəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | kugəna |
| 2PL: | kugəda |
| 3PL: | kugəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kugo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kugo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kugəla |
| Sociative Plural: | kugəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kugem | kugo-βlak | kugo-βlakem, kugem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kugemən | kugo-βlakən | kugo-βlakemən, kugem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kugemlan, kugəlanem | kugo-βlaklan | kugo-βlakemlan, kugem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kugeməm | kugo-βlakəm | kugo-βlakeməm, kugem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kugemla, kugəlam | kugo-βlakla | kugo-βlakemla, kugem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kugemge | kugo-βlakge | kugo-βlakemge, kugem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kugəʃtem | kugo-βlakəʃte | kugo-βlakəʃtem, kugem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kugəʃkem | kugo-βlakəʃ(ke) | kugo-βlakəʃkem, kugem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kugeʃem | kugo-βlakeʃ | kugo-βlakeʃem, kugem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||