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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kukšə̑lə̑k |
| Genitive: | kukšə̑lə̑kə̑n |
| Dative: | kukšə̑lə̑klan |
| Accusative: | kukšə̑lə̑kə̑m |
| Comparative: | kukšə̑lə̑kla |
| Comitative: | kukšə̑lə̑kge |
| Inessive: | kukšə̑lə̑kə̑što |
| Illative: | kukšə̑lə̑kə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | kukšə̑lə̑keš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kukšə̑lə̑kem |
| 2SG: | kukšə̑lə̑ket |
| 3SG: | kukšə̑lə̑kšo |
| 1PL: | kukšə̑lə̑kna |
| 2PL: | kukšə̑lə̑kda |
| 3PL: | kukšə̑lə̑kə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kukšə̑lə̑k-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kukšə̑lə̑kla |
| Sociative Plural: | kukšə̑lə̑kmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kukšə̑lə̑kem | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlak | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakem, kukšə̑lə̑kem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kukšə̑lə̑kemə̑n | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakə̑n | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakemə̑n, kukšə̑lə̑kem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kukšə̑lə̑kemlan, kukšə̑lə̑klanem | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlaklan | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakemlan, kukšə̑lə̑kem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kukšə̑lə̑kemə̑m | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakə̑m | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakemə̑m, kukšə̑lə̑kem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kukšə̑lə̑kemla, kukšə̑lə̑klam | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakla | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakemla, kukšə̑lə̑kem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kukšə̑lə̑kemge | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakge | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakemge, kukšə̑lə̑kem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kukšə̑lə̑kə̑štem | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakə̑šte | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakə̑štem, kukšə̑lə̑kem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kukšə̑lə̑kə̑škem | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakə̑š(ke) | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakə̑škem, kukšə̑lə̑kem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kukšə̑lə̑kešem | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakeš | kukšə̑lə̑k-βlakešem, kukšə̑lə̑kem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||