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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kuməʃto |
| Genitive: | kuməʃtən |
| Dative: | kuməʃtəlan |
| Accusative: | kuməʃtəm |
| Comparative: | kuməʃtəla |
| Comitative: | kuməʃtəge |
| Inessive: | kuməʃtəʃto |
| Illative: | kuməʃtəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | kuməʃteʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kuməʃtem |
| 2SG: | kuməʃtet |
| 3SG: | kuməʃtəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | kuməʃtəna |
| 2PL: | kuməʃtəda |
| 3PL: | kuməʃtəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kuməʃto-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kuməʃto-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kuməʃtəla |
| Sociative Plural: | kuməʃtəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kuməʃtem | kuməʃto-βlak | kuməʃto-βlakem, kuməʃtem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kuməʃtemən | kuməʃto-βlakən | kuməʃto-βlakemən, kuməʃtem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kuməʃtemlan, kuməʃtəlanem | kuməʃto-βlaklan | kuməʃto-βlakemlan, kuməʃtem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kuməʃteməm | kuməʃto-βlakəm | kuməʃto-βlakeməm, kuməʃtem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kuməʃtemla, kuməʃtəlam | kuməʃto-βlakla | kuməʃto-βlakemla, kuməʃtem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kuməʃtemge | kuməʃto-βlakge | kuməʃto-βlakemge, kuməʃtem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kuməʃtəʃtem | kuməʃto-βlakəʃte | kuməʃto-βlakəʃtem, kuməʃtem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kuməʃtəʃkem | kuməʃto-βlakəʃ(ke) | kuməʃto-βlakəʃkem, kuməʃtem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kuməʃteʃem | kuməʃto-βlakeʃ | kuməʃto-βlakeʃem, kuməʃtem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||