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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kupəʃo |
| Genitive: | kupəʃən |
| Dative: | kupəʃəlan |
| Accusative: | kupəʃəm |
| Comparative: | kupəʃəla |
| Comitative: | kupəʃəge |
| Inessive: | kupəʃəʃto |
| Illative: | kupəʃəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | kupəʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kupəʃem |
| 2SG: | kupəʃet |
| 3SG: | kupəʃəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | kupəʃəna |
| 2PL: | kupəʃəda |
| 3PL: | kupəʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kupəʃo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kupəʃo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kupəʃəla |
| Sociative Plural: | kupəʃəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kupəʃem | kupəʃo-βlak | kupəʃo-βlakem, kupəʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kupəʃemən | kupəʃo-βlakən | kupəʃo-βlakemən, kupəʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kupəʃemlan, kupəʃəlanem | kupəʃo-βlaklan | kupəʃo-βlakemlan, kupəʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kupəʃeməm | kupəʃo-βlakəm | kupəʃo-βlakeməm, kupəʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kupəʃemla, kupəʃəlam | kupəʃo-βlakla | kupəʃo-βlakemla, kupəʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kupəʃemge | kupəʃo-βlakge | kupəʃo-βlakemge, kupəʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kupəʃəʃtem | kupəʃo-βlakəʃte | kupəʃo-βlakəʃtem, kupəʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kupəʃəʃkem | kupəʃo-βlakəʃ(ke) | kupəʃo-βlakəʃkem, kupəʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kupəʃeʃem | kupəʃo-βlakeʃ | kupəʃo-βlakeʃem, kupəʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||