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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kusnəʃo |
| Genitive: | kusnəʃən |
| Dative: | kusnəʃəlan |
| Accusative: | kusnəʃəm |
| Comparative: | kusnəʃəla |
| Comitative: | kusnəʃəge |
| Inessive: | kusnəʃəʃto |
| Illative: | kusnəʃəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | kusnəʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kusnəʃem |
| 2SG: | kusnəʃet |
| 3SG: | kusnəʃəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | kusnəʃəna |
| 2PL: | kusnəʃəda |
| 3PL: | kusnəʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kusnəʃo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kusnəʃo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kusnəʃəla |
| Sociative Plural: | kusnəʃəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kusnəʃem | kusnəʃo-βlak | kusnəʃo-βlakem, kusnəʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kusnəʃemən | kusnəʃo-βlakən | kusnəʃo-βlakemən, kusnəʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kusnəʃemlan, kusnəʃəlanem | kusnəʃo-βlaklan | kusnəʃo-βlakemlan, kusnəʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kusnəʃeməm | kusnəʃo-βlakəm | kusnəʃo-βlakeməm, kusnəʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kusnəʃemla, kusnəʃəlam | kusnəʃo-βlakla | kusnəʃo-βlakemla, kusnəʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kusnəʃemge | kusnəʃo-βlakge | kusnəʃo-βlakemge, kusnəʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kusnəʃəʃtem | kusnəʃo-βlakəʃte | kusnəʃo-βlakəʃtem, kusnəʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kusnəʃəʃkem | kusnəʃo-βlakəʃ(ke) | kusnəʃo-βlakəʃkem, kusnəʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kusnəʃeʃem | kusnəʃo-βlakeʃ | kusnəʃo-βlakeʃem, kusnəʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||