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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kutlo |
| Genitive: | kutlə̑n |
| Dative: | kutlə̑lan |
| Accusative: | kutlə̑m |
| Comparative: | kutlə̑la |
| Comitative: | kutlə̑ge |
| Inessive: | kutlə̑što |
| Illative: | kutlə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | kutleš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kutlem |
| 2SG: | kutlet |
| 3SG: | kutlə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | kutlə̑na |
| 2PL: | kutlə̑da |
| 3PL: | kutlə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kutlo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kutlo-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kutlə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | kutlə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kutlem | kutlo-βlak | kutlo-βlakem, kutlem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kutlemə̑n | kutlo-βlakə̑n | kutlo-βlakemə̑n, kutlem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kutlemlan, kutlə̑lanem | kutlo-βlaklan | kutlo-βlakemlan, kutlem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kutlemə̑m | kutlo-βlakə̑m | kutlo-βlakemə̑m, kutlem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kutlemla, kutlə̑lam | kutlo-βlakla | kutlo-βlakemla, kutlem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kutlemge | kutlo-βlakge | kutlo-βlakemge, kutlem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kutlə̑štem | kutlo-βlakə̑šte | kutlo-βlakə̑štem, kutlem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kutlə̑škem | kutlo-βlakə̑š(ke) | kutlo-βlakə̑škem, kutlem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kutlešem | kutlo-βlakeš | kutlo-βlakešem, kutlem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||