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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kə̑lmə̑man |
| Genitive: | kə̑lmə̑manə̑n |
| Dative: | kə̑lmə̑manlan |
| Accusative: | kə̑lmə̑manə̑m |
| Comparative: | kə̑lmə̑manla |
| Comitative: | kə̑lmə̑mange |
| Inessive: | kə̑lmə̑manə̑šte |
| Illative: | kə̑lmə̑manə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑lmə̑maneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kə̑lmə̑manem |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmə̑manet |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmə̑manže |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmə̑manna |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmə̑manda |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmə̑manə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kə̑lmə̑man-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kə̑lmə̑man-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kə̑lmə̑manla |
| Sociative Plural: | kə̑lmə̑manmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kə̑lmə̑manem | kə̑lmə̑man-βlak | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakem, kə̑lmə̑manem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kə̑lmə̑manemə̑n | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakə̑n | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakemə̑n, kə̑lmə̑manem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kə̑lmə̑manemlan, kə̑lmə̑manlanem | kə̑lmə̑man-βlaklan | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakemlan, kə̑lmə̑manem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kə̑lmə̑manemə̑m | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakə̑m | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakemə̑m, kə̑lmə̑manem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kə̑lmə̑manemla, kə̑lmə̑manlam | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakla | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakemla, kə̑lmə̑manem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kə̑lmə̑manemge | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakge | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakemge, kə̑lmə̑manem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kə̑lmə̑manə̑štem | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakə̑šte | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakə̑štem, kə̑lmə̑manem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kə̑lmə̑manə̑škem | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakə̑š(ke) | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakə̑škem, kə̑lmə̑manem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑lmə̑manešem | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakeš | kə̑lmə̑man-βlakešem, kə̑lmə̑manem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||