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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kə̑lmə̑šan |
| Genitive: | kə̑lmə̑šanə̑n |
| Dative: | kə̑lmə̑šanlan |
| Accusative: | kə̑lmə̑šanə̑m |
| Comparative: | kə̑lmə̑šanla |
| Comitative: | kə̑lmə̑šange |
| Inessive: | kə̑lmə̑šanə̑šte |
| Illative: | kə̑lmə̑šanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑lmə̑šaneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kə̑lmə̑šanem |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmə̑šanet |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmə̑šanže |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmə̑šanna |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmə̑šanda |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmə̑šanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kə̑lmə̑šan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kə̑lmə̑šanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kə̑lmə̑šanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kə̑lmə̑šanem | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlak | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakem, kə̑lmə̑šanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kə̑lmə̑šanemə̑n | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakə̑n | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakemə̑n, kə̑lmə̑šanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kə̑lmə̑šanemlan, kə̑lmə̑šanlanem | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlaklan | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakemlan, kə̑lmə̑šanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kə̑lmə̑šanemə̑m | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakə̑m | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakemə̑m, kə̑lmə̑šanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kə̑lmə̑šanemla, kə̑lmə̑šanlam | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakla | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakemla, kə̑lmə̑šanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kə̑lmə̑šanemge | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakge | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakemge, kə̑lmə̑šanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kə̑lmə̑šanə̑štem | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakə̑šte | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakə̑štem, kə̑lmə̑šanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kə̑lmə̑šanə̑škem | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakə̑š(ke) | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakə̑škem, kə̑lmə̑šanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑lmə̑šanešem | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakeš | kə̑lmə̑šan-βlakešem, kə̑lmə̑šanem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||