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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kə̑l'gaka |
| Genitive: | kə̑l'gakan |
| Dative: | kə̑l'gakalan |
| Accusative: | kə̑l'gakam |
| Comparative: | kə̑l'gakala |
| Comitative: | kə̑l'gakage |
| Inessive: | kə̑l'gakašte |
| Illative: | kə̑l'gakaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑l'gakaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kə̑l'gakam |
| 2SG: | kə̑l'gakat |
| 3SG: | kə̑l'gakaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kə̑l'gakana |
| 2PL: | kə̑l'gakada |
| 3PL: | kə̑l'gakašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kə̑l'gaka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kə̑l'gaka-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kə̑l'gakala |
| Sociative Plural: | kə̑l'gakamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kə̑l'gakam | kə̑l'gaka-βlak | kə̑l'gaka-βlakem, kə̑l'gakam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kə̑l'gakamə̑n | kə̑l'gaka-βlakə̑n | kə̑l'gaka-βlakemə̑n, kə̑l'gakam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kə̑l'gakamlan, kə̑l'gakalanem | kə̑l'gaka-βlaklan | kə̑l'gaka-βlakemlan, kə̑l'gakam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kə̑l'gakamə̑m | kə̑l'gaka-βlakə̑m | kə̑l'gaka-βlakemə̑m, kə̑l'gakam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kə̑l'gakamla, kə̑l'gakalam | kə̑l'gaka-βlakla | kə̑l'gaka-βlakemla, kə̑l'gakam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kə̑l'gakamge | kə̑l'gaka-βlakge | kə̑l'gaka-βlakemge, kə̑l'gakam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kə̑l'gakaštem | kə̑l'gaka-βlakə̑šte | kə̑l'gaka-βlakə̑štem, kə̑l'gakam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kə̑l'gakaškem | kə̑l'gaka-βlakə̑š(ke) | kə̑l'gaka-βlakə̑škem, kə̑l'gakam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑l'gakašem | kə̑l'gaka-βlakeš | kə̑l'gaka-βlakešem, kə̑l'gakam-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||