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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kə̑ša |
| Genitive: | kə̑šan |
| Dative: | kə̑šalan |
| Accusative: | kə̑šam |
| Comparative: | kə̑šala |
| Comitative: | kə̑šage |
| Inessive: | kə̑šašte |
| Illative: | kə̑šaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑šaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kə̑šam |
| 2SG: | kə̑šat |
| 3SG: | kə̑šaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kə̑šana |
| 2PL: | kə̑šada |
| 3PL: | kə̑šašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kə̑ša-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kə̑ša-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kə̑šala |
| Sociative Plural: | kə̑šamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kə̑šam | kə̑ša-βlak | kə̑ša-βlakem, kə̑šam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kə̑šamə̑n | kə̑ša-βlakə̑n | kə̑ša-βlakemə̑n, kə̑šam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kə̑šamlan, kə̑šalanem | kə̑ša-βlaklan | kə̑ša-βlakemlan, kə̑šam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kə̑šamə̑m | kə̑ša-βlakə̑m | kə̑ša-βlakemə̑m, kə̑šam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kə̑šamla, kə̑šalam | kə̑ša-βlakla | kə̑ša-βlakemla, kə̑šam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kə̑šamge | kə̑ša-βlakge | kə̑ša-βlakemge, kə̑šam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kə̑šaštem | kə̑ša-βlakə̑šte | kə̑ša-βlakə̑štem, kə̑šam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kə̑šaškem | kə̑ša-βlakə̑š(ke) | kə̑ša-βlakə̑škem, kə̑šam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑šašem | kə̑ša-βlakeš | kə̑ša-βlakešem, kə̑šam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||