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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kəʃa |
| Genitive: | kəʃan |
| Dative: | kəʃalan |
| Accusative: | kəʃam |
| Comparative: | kəʃala |
| Comitative: | kəʃage |
| Inessive: | kəʃaʃte |
| Illative: | kəʃaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kəʃaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kəʃam |
| 2SG: | kəʃat |
| 3SG: | kəʃaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kəʃana |
| 2PL: | kəʃada |
| 3PL: | kəʃaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kəʃa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kəʃa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kəʃala |
| Sociative Plural: | kəʃamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kəʃam | kəʃa-βlak | kəʃa-βlakem, kəʃam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kəʃamən | kəʃa-βlakən | kəʃa-βlakemən, kəʃam-βlakən |
| Dative: | kəʃamlan, kəʃalanem | kəʃa-βlaklan | kəʃa-βlakemlan, kəʃam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kəʃaməm | kəʃa-βlakəm | kəʃa-βlakeməm, kəʃam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kəʃamla, kəʃalam | kəʃa-βlakla | kəʃa-βlakemla, kəʃam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kəʃamge | kəʃa-βlakge | kəʃa-βlakemge, kəʃam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kəʃaʃtem | kəʃa-βlakəʃte | kəʃa-βlakəʃtem, kəʃam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kəʃaʃkem | kəʃa-βlakəʃ(ke) | kəʃa-βlakəʃkem, kəʃam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kəʃaʃem | kəʃa-βlakeʃ | kəʃa-βlakeʃem, kəʃam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||