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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kə̑šal |
| Genitive: | kə̑šalə̑n |
| Dative: | kə̑šallan |
| Accusative: | kə̑šalə̑m |
| Comparative: | kə̑šalla |
| Comitative: | kə̑šalge |
| Inessive: | kə̑šalə̑šte |
| Illative: | kə̑šalə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑šaleš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kə̑šalem |
| 2SG: | kə̑šalet |
| 3SG: | kə̑šalže |
| 1PL: | kə̑šalna |
| 2PL: | kə̑šalda |
| 3PL: | kə̑šalə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kə̑šal-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kə̑šal-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kə̑šalla |
| Sociative Plural: | kə̑šalmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kə̑šalem | kə̑šal-βlak | kə̑šal-βlakem, kə̑šalem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kə̑šalemə̑n | kə̑šal-βlakə̑n | kə̑šal-βlakemə̑n, kə̑šalem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kə̑šalemlan, kə̑šallanem | kə̑šal-βlaklan | kə̑šal-βlakemlan, kə̑šalem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kə̑šalemə̑m | kə̑šal-βlakə̑m | kə̑šal-βlakemə̑m, kə̑šalem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kə̑šalemla, kə̑šallam | kə̑šal-βlakla | kə̑šal-βlakemla, kə̑šalem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kə̑šalemge | kə̑šal-βlakge | kə̑šal-βlakemge, kə̑šalem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kə̑šalə̑štem | kə̑šal-βlakə̑šte | kə̑šal-βlakə̑štem, kə̑šalem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kə̑šalə̑škem | kə̑šal-βlakə̑š(ke) | kə̑šal-βlakə̑škem, kə̑šalem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑šalešem | kə̑šal-βlakeš | kə̑šal-βlakešem, kə̑šalem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||