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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kəʃkartəʃ |
| Genitive: | kəʃkartəʃən |
| Dative: | kəʃkartəʃlan |
| Accusative: | kəʃkartəʃəm |
| Comparative: | kəʃkartəʃla |
| Comitative: | kəʃkartəʃge |
| Inessive: | kəʃkartəʃte, kəʃkartəʃəʃte |
| Illative: | kəʃkartəʃke, kəʃkartəʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kəʃkartəʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kəʃkartəʃem |
| 2SG: | kəʃkartəʃet |
| 3SG: | kəʃkartəʃːe, kəʃkartəʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kəʃkartəʃna |
| 2PL: | kəʃkartəʃda |
| 3PL: | kəʃkartəʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kəʃkartəʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kəʃkartəʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kəʃkartəʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | kəʃkartəʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kəʃkartəʃem | kəʃkartəʃ-βlak | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakem, kəʃkartəʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kəʃkartəʃemən | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakən | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakemən, kəʃkartəʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kəʃkartəʃemlan, kəʃkartəʃlanem | kəʃkartəʃ-βlaklan | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakemlan, kəʃkartəʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kəʃkartəʃeməm | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakəm | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakeməm, kəʃkartəʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kəʃkartəʃemla, kəʃkartəʃlam | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakla | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakemla, kəʃkartəʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kəʃkartəʃemge | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakge | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakemge, kəʃkartəʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kəʃkartəʃtem, kəʃkartəʃəʃtem | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakəʃte | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakəʃtem, kəʃkartəʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kəʃkartəʃkem, kəʃkartəʃəʃkem | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakəʃkem, kəʃkartəʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kəʃkartəʃeʃem | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakeʃ | kəʃkartəʃ-βlakeʃem, kəʃkartəʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||