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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kəʃkəmaʃ |
| Genitive: | kəʃkəmaʃən |
| Dative: | kəʃkəmaʃlan |
| Accusative: | kəʃkəmaʃəm |
| Comparative: | kəʃkəmaʃla |
| Comitative: | kəʃkəmaʃge |
| Inessive: | kəʃkəmaʃte, kəʃkəmaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | kəʃkəmaʃke, kəʃkəmaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kəʃkəmaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kəʃkəmaʃem |
| 2SG: | kəʃkəmaʃet |
| 3SG: | kəʃkəmaʃːe, kəʃkəmaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kəʃkəmaʃna |
| 2PL: | kəʃkəmaʃda |
| 3PL: | kəʃkəmaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kəʃkəmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kəʃkəmaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | kəʃkəmaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kəʃkəmaʃem | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlak | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakem, kəʃkəmaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kəʃkəmaʃemən | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakən | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakemən, kəʃkəmaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kəʃkəmaʃemlan, kəʃkəmaʃlanem | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlaklan | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakemlan, kəʃkəmaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kəʃkəmaʃeməm | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakəm | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakeməm, kəʃkəmaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kəʃkəmaʃemla, kəʃkəmaʃlam | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakla | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakemla, kəʃkəmaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kəʃkəmaʃemge | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakge | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakemge, kəʃkəmaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kəʃkəmaʃtem, kəʃkəmaʃəʃtem | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakəʃte | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, kəʃkəmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kəʃkəmaʃkem, kəʃkəmaʃəʃkem | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, kəʃkəmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kəʃkəmaʃeʃem | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakeʃ | kəʃkəmaʃ-βlakeʃem, kəʃkəmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||