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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kəʃtek |
| Genitive: | kəʃtekən |
| Dative: | kəʃteklan |
| Accusative: | kəʃtekəm |
| Comparative: | kəʃtekla |
| Comitative: | kəʃtekge |
| Inessive: | kəʃtekəʃte |
| Illative: | kəʃtekəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kəʃtekeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kəʃtekem |
| 2SG: | kəʃteket |
| 3SG: | kəʃtekʃe |
| 1PL: | kəʃtekna |
| 2PL: | kəʃtekda |
| 3PL: | kəʃtekəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kəʃtek-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kəʃtek-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kəʃtekla |
| Sociative Plural: | kəʃtekmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kəʃtekem | kəʃtek-βlak | kəʃtek-βlakem, kəʃtekem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kəʃtekemən | kəʃtek-βlakən | kəʃtek-βlakemən, kəʃtekem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kəʃtekemlan, kəʃteklanem | kəʃtek-βlaklan | kəʃtek-βlakemlan, kəʃtekem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kəʃtekeməm | kəʃtek-βlakəm | kəʃtek-βlakeməm, kəʃtekem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kəʃtekemla, kəʃteklam | kəʃtek-βlakla | kəʃtek-βlakemla, kəʃtekem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kəʃtekemge | kəʃtek-βlakge | kəʃtek-βlakemge, kəʃtekem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kəʃtekəʃtem | kəʃtek-βlakəʃte | kəʃtek-βlakəʃtem, kəʃtekem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kəʃtekəʃkem | kəʃtek-βlakəʃ(ke) | kəʃtek-βlakəʃkem, kəʃtekem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kəʃtekeʃem | kəʃtek-βlakeʃ | kəʃtek-βlakeʃem, kəʃtekem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||