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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kəlme |
Genitive: | kəlmən |
Dative: | kəlməlan |
Accusative: | kəlməm |
Comparative: | kəlməla |
Comitative: | kəlməge |
Inessive: | kəlməʃte |
Illative: | kəlməʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kəlmeʃ |
1SG: | kəlmem |
2SG: | kəlmet |
3SG: | kəlməʒ(e) |
1PL: | kəlməna |
2PL: | kəlməda |
3PL: | kəlməʃt |
Plural (1): | kəlme-βlak |
Plural (2): | kəlme-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | kəlməla |
Sociative Plural: | kəlməmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kəlmem | kəlme-βlak | kəlme-βlakem, kəlmem-βlak |
Genitive: | kəlmemən | kəlme-βlakən | kəlme-βlakemən, kəlmem-βlakən |
Dative: | kəlmemlan, kəlməlanem | kəlme-βlaklan | kəlme-βlakemlan, kəlmem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kəlmeməm | kəlme-βlakəm | kəlme-βlakeməm, kəlmem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | kəlmemla, kəlməlam | kəlme-βlakla | kəlme-βlakemla, kəlmem-βlakla |
Comitative: | kəlmemge | kəlme-βlakge | kəlme-βlakemge, kəlmem-βlakge |
Inessive: | kəlməʃtem | kəlme-βlakəʃte | kəlme-βlakəʃtem, kəlmem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | kəlməʃkem | kəlme-βlakəʃ(ke) | kəlme-βlakəʃkem, kəlmem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kəlmeʃem | kəlme-βlakeʃ | kəlme-βlakeʃem, kəlmem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |