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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kə̑šə̑l |
| Genitive: | kə̑šə̑lə̑n |
| Dative: | kə̑šə̑llan |
| Accusative: | kə̑šə̑lə̑m |
| Comparative: | kə̑šə̑lla |
| Comitative: | kə̑šə̑lge |
| Inessive: | kə̑šə̑lə̑šte |
| Illative: | kə̑šə̑lə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑šə̑leš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kə̑šə̑lem |
| 2SG: | kə̑šə̑let |
| 3SG: | kə̑šə̑lže |
| 1PL: | kə̑šə̑lna |
| 2PL: | kə̑šə̑lda |
| 3PL: | kə̑šə̑lə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kə̑šə̑l-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kə̑šə̑l-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kə̑šə̑lla |
| Sociative Plural: | kə̑šə̑lmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kə̑šə̑lem | kə̑šə̑l-βlak | kə̑šə̑l-βlakem, kə̑šə̑lem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kə̑šə̑lemə̑n | kə̑šə̑l-βlakə̑n | kə̑šə̑l-βlakemə̑n, kə̑šə̑lem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kə̑šə̑lemlan, kə̑šə̑llanem | kə̑šə̑l-βlaklan | kə̑šə̑l-βlakemlan, kə̑šə̑lem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kə̑šə̑lemə̑m | kə̑šə̑l-βlakə̑m | kə̑šə̑l-βlakemə̑m, kə̑šə̑lem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kə̑šə̑lemla, kə̑šə̑llam | kə̑šə̑l-βlakla | kə̑šə̑l-βlakemla, kə̑šə̑lem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kə̑šə̑lemge | kə̑šə̑l-βlakge | kə̑šə̑l-βlakemge, kə̑šə̑lem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kə̑šə̑lə̑štem | kə̑šə̑l-βlakə̑šte | kə̑šə̑l-βlakə̑štem, kə̑šə̑lem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kə̑šə̑lə̑škem | kə̑šə̑l-βlakə̑š(ke) | kə̑šə̑l-βlakə̑škem, kə̑šə̑lem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kə̑šə̑lešem | kə̑šə̑l-βlakeš | kə̑šə̑l-βlakešem, kə̑šə̑lem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||