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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | кӧсмак |
| Genitive: | кӧсмакын |
| Dative: | кӧсмаклан |
| Accusative: | кӧсмакым |
| Comparative: | кӧсмакла |
| Comitative: | кӧсмакге |
| Inessive: | кӧсмакыште |
| Illative: | кӧсмакыш(ке) |
| Lative: | кӧсмакеш |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | кӧсмакем |
| 2SG: | кӧсмакет |
| 3SG: | кӧсмакше |
| 1PL: | кӧсмакна |
| 2PL: | кӧсмакда |
| 3PL: | кӧсмакышт |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | кӧсмак-влак |
| Plural (2): | кӧсмак-шамыч |
| Short Plural: | кӧсмакла |
| Sociative Plural: | кӧсмакмыт |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | кӧсмакем | кӧсмак-влак | кӧсмак-влакем, кӧсмакем-влак |
| Genitive: | кӧсмакемын | кӧсмак-влакын | кӧсмак-влакемын, кӧсмакем-влакын |
| Dative: | кӧсмакемлан, кӧсмакланем | кӧсмак-влаклан | кӧсмак-влакемлан, кӧсмакем-влаклан |
| Accusative: | кӧсмакемым | кӧсмак-влакым | кӧсмак-влакемым, кӧсмакем-влакым |
| Comparative: | кӧсмакемла, кӧсмаклам | кӧсмак-влакла | кӧсмак-влакемла, кӧсмакем-влакла |
| Comitative: | кӧсмакемге | кӧсмак-влакге | кӧсмак-влакемге, кӧсмакем-влакге |
| Inessive: | кӧсмакыштем | кӧсмак-влакыште | кӧсмак-влакыштем, кӧсмакем-влакыште |
| Illative: | кӧсмакышкем | кӧсмак-влакыш(ке) | кӧсмак-влакышкем, кӧсмакем-влакыш(ке) |
| Lative: | кӧсмакешем | кӧсмак-влакеш | кӧсмак-влакешем, кӧсмакем-влакеш |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||