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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | køŋga |
| Genitive: | køŋgan |
| Dative: | køŋgalan |
| Accusative: | køŋgam |
| Comparative: | køŋgala |
| Comitative: | køŋgage |
| Inessive: | køŋgaʃte |
| Illative: | køŋgaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | køŋgaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | køŋgam |
| 2SG: | køŋgat |
| 3SG: | køŋgaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | køŋgana |
| 2PL: | køŋgada |
| 3PL: | køŋgaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | køŋga-βlak |
| Plural (2): | køŋga-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | køŋgala |
| Sociative Plural: | køŋgamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | køŋgam | køŋga-βlak | køŋga-βlakem, køŋgam-βlak |
| Genitive: | køŋgamən | køŋga-βlakən | køŋga-βlakemən, køŋgam-βlakən |
| Dative: | køŋgamlan, køŋgalanem | køŋga-βlaklan | køŋga-βlakemlan, køŋgam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | køŋgaməm | køŋga-βlakəm | køŋga-βlakeməm, køŋgam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | køŋgamla, køŋgalam | køŋga-βlakla | køŋga-βlakemla, køŋgam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | køŋgamge | køŋga-βlakge | køŋga-βlakemge, køŋgam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | køŋgaʃtem | køŋga-βlakəʃte | køŋga-βlakəʃtem, køŋgam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | køŋgaʃkem | køŋga-βlakəʃ(ke) | køŋga-βlakəʃkem, køŋgam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | køŋgaʃem | køŋga-βlakeʃ | køŋga-βlakeʃem, køŋgam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||