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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | küleš |
| Genitive: | külešə̑n |
| Dative: | külešlan |
| Accusative: | külešə̑m |
| Comparative: | külešla |
| Comitative: | külešge |
| Inessive: | külešte, külešə̑šte |
| Illative: | küleške, külešə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | külešeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | külešem |
| 2SG: | külešet |
| 3SG: | külešše, külešə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | külešna |
| 2PL: | külešda |
| 3PL: | külešə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | küleš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | küleš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | külešla |
| Sociative Plural: | külešmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | külešem | küleš-βlak | küleš-βlakem, külešem-βlak |
| Genitive: | külešemə̑n | küleš-βlakə̑n | küleš-βlakemə̑n, külešem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | külešemlan, külešlanem | küleš-βlaklan | küleš-βlakemlan, külešem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | külešemə̑m | küleš-βlakə̑m | küleš-βlakemə̑m, külešem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | külešemla, külešlam | küleš-βlakla | küleš-βlakemla, külešem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | külešemge | küleš-βlakge | küleš-βlakemge, külešem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | küleštem, külešə̑štem | küleš-βlakə̑šte | küleš-βlakə̑štem, külešem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | küleškem, külešə̑škem | küleš-βlakə̑š(ke) | küleš-βlakə̑škem, külešem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | külešešem | küleš-βlakeš | küleš-βlakešem, külešem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||