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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kümaš |
| Genitive: | kümašə̑n |
| Dative: | kümašlan |
| Accusative: | kümašə̑m |
| Comparative: | kümašla |
| Comitative: | kümašge |
| Inessive: | kümašte, kümašə̑šte |
| Illative: | kümaške, kümašə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kümašeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kümašem |
| 2SG: | kümašet |
| 3SG: | kümašše, kümašə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | kümašna |
| 2PL: | kümašda |
| 3PL: | kümašə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kümaš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kümaš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kümašla |
| Sociative Plural: | kümašmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kümašem | kümaš-βlak | kümaš-βlakem, kümašem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kümašemə̑n | kümaš-βlakə̑n | kümaš-βlakemə̑n, kümašem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kümašemlan, kümašlanem | kümaš-βlaklan | kümaš-βlakemlan, kümašem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kümašemə̑m | kümaš-βlakə̑m | kümaš-βlakemə̑m, kümašem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kümašemla, kümašlam | kümaš-βlakla | kümaš-βlakemla, kümašem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kümašemge | kümaš-βlakge | kümaš-βlakemge, kümašem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kümaštem, kümašə̑štem | kümaš-βlakə̑šte | kümaš-βlakə̑štem, kümašem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kümaškem, kümašə̑škem | kümaš-βlakə̑š(ke) | kümaš-βlakə̑škem, kümašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kümašešem | kümaš-βlakeš | kümaš-βlakešem, kümašem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||