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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | küpč́ə̑kβal |
| Genitive: | küpč́ə̑kβalə̑n |
| Dative: | küpč́ə̑kβallan |
| Accusative: | küpč́ə̑kβalə̑m |
| Comparative: | küpč́ə̑kβalla |
| Comitative: | küpč́ə̑kβalge |
| Inessive: | küpč́ə̑kβalə̑šte |
| Illative: | küpč́ə̑kβalə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | küpč́ə̑kβaleš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | küpč́ə̑kβalem |
| 2SG: | küpč́ə̑kβalet |
| 3SG: | küpč́ə̑kβalže |
| 1PL: | küpč́ə̑kβalna |
| 2PL: | küpč́ə̑kβalda |
| 3PL: | küpč́ə̑kβalə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlak |
| Plural (2): | küpč́ə̑kβal-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | küpč́ə̑kβalla |
| Sociative Plural: | küpč́ə̑kβalmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | küpč́ə̑kβalem | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlak | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakem, küpč́ə̑kβalem-βlak |
| Genitive: | küpč́ə̑kβalemə̑n | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakə̑n | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakemə̑n, küpč́ə̑kβalem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | küpč́ə̑kβalemlan, küpč́ə̑kβallanem | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlaklan | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakemlan, küpč́ə̑kβalem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | küpč́ə̑kβalemə̑m | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakə̑m | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakemə̑m, küpč́ə̑kβalem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | küpč́ə̑kβalemla, küpč́ə̑kβallam | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakla | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakemla, küpč́ə̑kβalem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | küpč́ə̑kβalemge | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakge | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakemge, küpč́ə̑kβalem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | küpč́ə̑kβalə̑štem | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakə̑šte | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakə̑štem, küpč́ə̑kβalem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | küpč́ə̑kβalə̑škem | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakə̑š(ke) | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakə̑škem, küpč́ə̑kβalem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | küpč́ə̑kβalešem | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakeš | küpč́ə̑kβal-βlakešem, küpč́ə̑kβalem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||