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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | küpš |
| Genitive: | küpšə̑n |
| Dative: | küpšlan |
| Accusative: | küpšə̑m |
| Comparative: | küpšla |
| Comitative: | küpšge |
| Inessive: | küpšə̑štö |
| Illative: | küpšə̑š(kö) |
| Lative: | küpšeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | küpšem |
| 2SG: | küpšet |
| 3SG: | küpššö, küpšə̑ž(ö) |
| 1PL: | küpšna |
| 2PL: | küpšda |
| 3PL: | küpšə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | küpš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | küpš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | küpšla |
| Sociative Plural: | küpšmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | küpšem | küpš-βlak | küpš-βlakem, küpšem-βlak |
| Genitive: | küpšemə̑n | küpš-βlakə̑n | küpš-βlakemə̑n, küpšem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | küpšemlan, küpšlanem | küpš-βlaklan | küpš-βlakemlan, küpšem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | küpšemə̑m | küpš-βlakə̑m | küpš-βlakemə̑m, küpšem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | küpšemla, küpšlam | küpš-βlakla | küpš-βlakemla, küpšem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | küpšemge | küpš-βlakge | küpš-βlakemge, küpšem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | küpšə̑štem | küpš-βlakə̑šte | küpš-βlakə̑štem, küpšem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | küpšə̑škem | küpš-βlakə̑š(ke) | küpš-βlakə̑škem, küpšem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | küpšešem | küpš-βlakeš | küpš-βlakešem, küpšem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||