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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kypʃan |
| Genitive: | kypʃanən |
| Dative: | kypʃanlan |
| Accusative: | kypʃanəm |
| Comparative: | kypʃanla |
| Comitative: | kypʃange |
| Inessive: | kypʃanəʃte |
| Illative: | kypʃanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kypʃaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kypʃanem |
| 2SG: | kypʃanet |
| 3SG: | kypʃanʒe |
| 1PL: | kypʃanːa |
| 2PL: | kypʃanda |
| 3PL: | kypʃanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kypʃan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kypʃan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kypʃanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kypʃanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kypʃanem | kypʃan-βlak | kypʃan-βlakem, kypʃanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kypʃanemən | kypʃan-βlakən | kypʃan-βlakemən, kypʃanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kypʃanemlan, kypʃanlanem | kypʃan-βlaklan | kypʃan-βlakemlan, kypʃanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kypʃaneməm | kypʃan-βlakəm | kypʃan-βlakeməm, kypʃanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kypʃanemla, kypʃanlam | kypʃan-βlakla | kypʃan-βlakemla, kypʃanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kypʃanemge | kypʃan-βlakge | kypʃan-βlakemge, kypʃanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kypʃanəʃtem | kypʃan-βlakəʃte | kypʃan-βlakəʃtem, kypʃanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kypʃanəʃkem | kypʃan-βlakəʃ(ke) | kypʃan-βlakəʃkem, kypʃanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kypʃaneʃem | kypʃan-βlakeʃ | kypʃan-βlakeʃem, kypʃanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||