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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kyʃtəmaʃ |
| Genitive: | kyʃtəmaʃən |
| Dative: | kyʃtəmaʃlan |
| Accusative: | kyʃtəmaʃəm |
| Comparative: | kyʃtəmaʃla |
| Comitative: | kyʃtəmaʃge |
| Inessive: | kyʃtəmaʃte, kyʃtəmaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | kyʃtəmaʃke, kyʃtəmaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kyʃtəmaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kyʃtəmaʃem |
| 2SG: | kyʃtəmaʃet |
| 3SG: | kyʃtəmaʃːe, kyʃtəmaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kyʃtəmaʃna |
| 2PL: | kyʃtəmaʃda |
| 3PL: | kyʃtəmaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kyʃtəmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kyʃtəmaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | kyʃtəmaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kyʃtəmaʃem | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlak | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakem, kyʃtəmaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kyʃtəmaʃemən | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakən | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakemən, kyʃtəmaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kyʃtəmaʃemlan, kyʃtəmaʃlanem | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlaklan | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakemlan, kyʃtəmaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kyʃtəmaʃeməm | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakəm | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakeməm, kyʃtəmaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kyʃtəmaʃemla, kyʃtəmaʃlam | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakla | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakemla, kyʃtəmaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kyʃtəmaʃemge | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakge | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakemge, kyʃtəmaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kyʃtəmaʃtem, kyʃtəmaʃəʃtem | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakəʃte | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, kyʃtəmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kyʃtəmaʃkem, kyʃtəmaʃəʃkem | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, kyʃtəmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kyʃtəmaʃeʃem | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakeʃ | kyʃtəmaʃ-βlakeʃem, kyʃtəmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||