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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | küštə̑šan |
| Genitive: | küštə̑šanə̑n |
| Dative: | küštə̑šanlan |
| Accusative: | küštə̑šanə̑m |
| Comparative: | küštə̑šanla |
| Comitative: | küštə̑šange |
| Inessive: | küštə̑šanə̑šte |
| Illative: | küštə̑šanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | küštə̑šaneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | küštə̑šanem |
| 2SG: | küštə̑šanet |
| 3SG: | küštə̑šanže |
| 1PL: | küštə̑šanna |
| 2PL: | küštə̑šanda |
| 3PL: | küštə̑šanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | küštə̑šan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | küštə̑šan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | küštə̑šanla |
| Sociative Plural: | küštə̑šanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | küštə̑šanem | küštə̑šan-βlak | küštə̑šan-βlakem, küštə̑šanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | küštə̑šanemə̑n | küštə̑šan-βlakə̑n | küštə̑šan-βlakemə̑n, küštə̑šanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | küštə̑šanemlan, küštə̑šanlanem | küštə̑šan-βlaklan | küštə̑šan-βlakemlan, küštə̑šanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | küštə̑šanemə̑m | küštə̑šan-βlakə̑m | küštə̑šan-βlakemə̑m, küštə̑šanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | küštə̑šanemla, küštə̑šanlam | küštə̑šan-βlakla | küštə̑šan-βlakemla, küštə̑šanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | küštə̑šanemge | küštə̑šan-βlakge | küštə̑šan-βlakemge, küštə̑šanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | küštə̑šanə̑štem | küštə̑šan-βlakə̑šte | küštə̑šan-βlakə̑štem, küštə̑šanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | küštə̑šanə̑škem | küštə̑šan-βlakə̑š(ke) | küštə̑šan-βlakə̑škem, küštə̑šanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | küštə̑šanešem | küštə̑šan-βlakeš | küštə̑šan-βlakešem, küštə̑šanem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||