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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕko |
| Genitive: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkən |
| Dative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəlan |
| Accusative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəm |
| Comparative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəla |
| Comitative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəge |
| Inessive: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəʃto |
| Illative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkem |
| 2SG: | kyʃəltot͡ɕket |
| 3SG: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəna |
| 2PL: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəda |
| 3PL: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəla |
| Sociative Plural: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkem | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlak | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakem, kyʃəltot͡ɕkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkemən | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakən | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakemən, kyʃəltot͡ɕkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkemlan, kyʃəltot͡ɕkəlanem | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlaklan | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakemlan, kyʃəltot͡ɕkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkeməm | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakəm | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakeməm, kyʃəltot͡ɕkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkemla, kyʃəltot͡ɕkəlam | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakla | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakemla, kyʃəltot͡ɕkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkemge | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakge | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakemge, kyʃəltot͡ɕkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəʃtem | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakəʃte | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakəʃtem, kyʃəltot͡ɕkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkəʃkem | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakəʃ(ke) | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakəʃkem, kyʃəltot͡ɕkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kyʃəltot͡ɕkeʃem | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakeʃ | kyʃəltot͡ɕko-βlakeʃem, kyʃəltot͡ɕkem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||