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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | küpnə̑šö |
| Genitive: | küpnə̑šə̑n |
| Dative: | küpnə̑šə̑lan |
| Accusative: | küpnə̑šə̑m |
| Comparative: | küpnə̑šə̑la |
| Comitative: | küpnə̑šə̑ge |
| Inessive: | küpnə̑šə̑štö |
| Illative: | küpnə̑šə̑š(kö) |
| Lative: | küpnə̑šeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | küpnə̑šem |
| 2SG: | küpnə̑šet |
| 3SG: | küpnə̑šə̑ž(ö) |
| 1PL: | küpnə̑šə̑na |
| 2PL: | küpnə̑šə̑da |
| 3PL: | küpnə̑šə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | küpnə̑šö-βlak |
| Plural (2): | küpnə̑šö-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | küpnə̑šə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | küpnə̑šə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | küpnə̑šem | küpnə̑šö-βlak | küpnə̑šö-βlakem, küpnə̑šem-βlak |
| Genitive: | küpnə̑šemə̑n | küpnə̑šö-βlakə̑n | küpnə̑šö-βlakemə̑n, küpnə̑šem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | küpnə̑šemlan, küpnə̑šə̑lanem | küpnə̑šö-βlaklan | küpnə̑šö-βlakemlan, küpnə̑šem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | küpnə̑šemə̑m | küpnə̑šö-βlakə̑m | küpnə̑šö-βlakemə̑m, küpnə̑šem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | küpnə̑šemla, küpnə̑šə̑lam | küpnə̑šö-βlakla | küpnə̑šö-βlakemla, küpnə̑šem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | küpnə̑šemge | küpnə̑šö-βlakge | küpnə̑šö-βlakemge, küpnə̑šem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | küpnə̑šə̑štem | küpnə̑šö-βlakə̑šte | küpnə̑šö-βlakə̑štem, küpnə̑šem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | küpnə̑šə̑škem | küpnə̑šö-βlakə̑š(ke) | küpnə̑šö-βlakə̑škem, küpnə̑šem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | küpnə̑šešem | küpnə̑šö-βlakeš | küpnə̑šö-βlakešem, küpnə̑šem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||